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Understanding functions

Calc includes over 350 functions to help you analyze and reference

data. Many of these functions are for use with numbers, but many

others are used with dates and times, or even text. A function may be

as simple as adding two numbers together, or finding the average of a

list of numbers. Alternatively, it may be as complex as calculating the

standard deviation of a sample, or a hyperbolic tangent of a number.

Typically, the name of a function is an abbreviated description of what

the function does. For instance, the FV function gives the future value

of an investment, while BIN2HEX converts a binary number to a

hexadecimal number. By tradition, functions are entered entirely in

upper case letters, although Calc will read them correctly if they are in

lower or mixed case, too.

A few basic functions are somewhat similar to operators. Examples:

+ This operator adds two numbers together for a result. SUM() on

the other hand adds groups of contiguous ranges of numbers

together.

* This operator multiplies two numbers together for a result.

PRODUCT() does the same for multiplying that SUM() does for

adding.

Each function has a number of arguments used in the calculations.

These arguments may or may not have their own name. Your task is to

enter the arguments needed to run the function. In some cases, the

arguments have predefined choices, and you may need to refer to the

online help or Appendix B (Description of Functions) in this book to

understand them. More often, however, an argument is a value that

you enter manually, or one already entered in a cell or range of cells on

the spreadsheet. In Calc, you can enter values from other cells by

typing in their name or range, or—unlike the case in some

spreadsheets—by selecting cells with the mouse. If the values in the

cells change, then the result of the function is automatically updated.

For compatibility, functions and their arguments in Calc have almost

identical names to their counterparts in Microsoft Excel. However,

both Excel and Calc have functions that the other lacks. Occasionally,

functions with the same names in Calc and Excel have different

arguments, or slightly different names for the same argument—neither

of which can be imported to the other. However, the majority of

functions can be used in both Calc and Excel without any change.

Chapter 7 Using Formulas and Functions 197

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OpenOffice.org OpenOffice - 3.2 Guide de base Page 197